2014年8月14日 星期四

Jean-Pierre Abel-Rémusat (Chinese: 雷暮沙)，《玉嬌梨》




《玉嬌梨》清代小說，又名《雙美奇緣》，是一部強調追求自由戀愛的小說，清初張勻著，全書20回。
本書寫才子蘇友白與官家小姐白紅玉以及盧夢梨的愛情故事。白紅玉又名無嬌，與盧夢梨是表姐妹，二人同時愛上蘇友白，故本書名為玉嬌梨。蘇友白與紅玉多次因故錯失良緣，先是張軌如偷詩自用，又有蘇有德冒名求婚，但最後蘇友白還是與二美有情人終成眷屬。
本書於1921年時譯成德文，又有多國譯本[1]，魯迅《中國小說史略》認為本書成於明朝，又說「有法文譯……故在外國特有名，遠過於其在中國。」

參考文獻[編輯]

維基共享資源中相關的多媒體資源：玉嬌梨
  1. ^ 《The two fair cousins : a Chinese novel》，著者： Abel Rémusat ，出版商： London : Hunt and Clarke, 1830.
  • 《明末清初小說選刊》 瀋陽春風文藝出版社　1981-89


Iu-kiao-li: or, the Two Fair Cousins, titled in Chinese as Yu Jiao Li (simplified Chinese: 玉娇梨; traditional Chinese: 玉嬌梨; pinyin: yù jiāo lí; Wade–Giles: Yü chiao li), is a caizi jiarennovel.
Yu Jiao Li was "one of the best-known caizi-jiaren novels" according to Song Geng (Chinese:宋耕; pinyin: Sòng Gēng), a Chinese language and culture scholar.[1] Chloë Starr, assistant professor of Asian Christianity and theology at Yale University,[2] wrote that among the best known were Yu jiao li, Ping Shan Leng Yan, and Haoqiu zhuan (simplified Chinese: 好逑传;traditional Chinese: 好逑傳; pinyin: hǎoqiú zhuàn).[3] The English version published by Hunt and Clarke of York Street, London in 1827 is an adaptation by Jean-Pierre Abel-Rémusat's French version.[4]

Characters[edit]

Two characters, Zhang Guiru (T: 張軌如, S: 张轨如, P: Zhāng Guǐrú, W: Chang Kuei-ju) and Su Youde (T: 蘇有德, S: 苏有德, P: Sū Yǒudé, W: Su Yu-te), plagiarize poems written by other people and pretend to be poets. Pseudo-caizi are foils to the real caizi in caizi jiaren stories.[5]

Notes[edit]

  1. Jump up
  1. ^ Song, Geng (2004). The Fragile Scholar: Power and Masculinity in Chinese Culture. Hong Kong University Press. p. 20. ISBN 962-209-620-4.
  1. Jump up
  1. ^ "Chloë Starr". Yale University. Retrieved 1 January 2014.
  1. Jump up
  1. ^ Starr, Chloë F. (2007). Red-Light Novels of the Late Qing. Leiden, The Netherlands: Koninklijke Brill NV. p. 40. ISBN 978-90-04-15629-6. Retrieved 1 January 2014.
  1. Jump up
  1. ^ Iu-kiao-li: or, the Two Fair Cousins (PDF) (English ed.). London: Hunt and Clarke. 1827. p. title page. Retrieved 1 January 2014.
  1. Jump up
  1. ^ Song, Geng (2004). The Fragile Scholar: Power and Masculinity in Chinese Culture. Hong Kong University Press. p. 203. ISBN 962-209-620-4.

External links[edit]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Yu Jiao Li.
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http://yifertw.blogspot.tw/2014/08/blog-post_12.html

馬克˙愛略特：〈雷慕沙：滿語與漢學〉

馬克˙愛略特：〈雷慕沙：滿語與漢學〉
Marc Elliott於2014年6月13日在法蘭西學院發表的演講(是法語，也沒有中文字幕...)

Mark ELLIOTT: "Abel-Rémusat, la langue mandchoue et la sinologie"


Jean-Pierre Abel-Rémusat
Abel-Rémusat 01.jpg
BornSeptember 5, 1788
Paris, France
DiedJune 2, 1832 (aged 43)
Paris, France
NationalityFrench
FieldsChinese language, literature
InstitutionsCollège de France
PatronsSilvestre de Sacy
Notable studentsFulgence Fresnel
Stanislas Julien
SpouseJenny Lecamus
Cover of the French version of Iu-kiao-li: or, the Two Fair Cousins by Abel-Rémusat, titled Iu-kiao-li, ou les deux cousines
Jean-Pierre Abel-Rémusat (Chinese: 雷暮沙; pinyin: Léi Mùshā; September 5, 1788 – June 2, 1832) was a French sinologist best known as the first Chair of Sinology at theCollège de France.[1] Rémusat studied medicine as a young man, but his discovery of a Chinese herbal treatise enamored him with the Chinese language, and he spent five years teaching himself to read it. After publishing several well-received articles on Chinese topics, a chair in Chinese was created at the Collège de France in 1814 and Rémusat was placed in it.

Life and career[edit]

Rémusat was born in Paris on September 5, 1788, and was educated for the medical profession, earning a doctorate in medicine in 1813.[2] While studying medicine, Rémusat discovered a Chinese herbal treatise in the collection of the Abbé Tersan and was immediately fascinated by it. He taught himself to read it by tirelessly studying the traditional Chinese dictionary Zhèng zǐ tōng 正字通. In 1811, at the end of five years of study, he produced he work Essai sur la langue et la littérature chinoises (Essay on Chinese language and literature),[3] and a paper on foreign languages among the Chinese, which procured him the patronage of Silvestre de Sacy.[4] In 1813, Rémusat published an essay in Latin on the nature of Chinese characters andClassical Chinese entitled "Utrum Lingua Sinica sit vere monosyllabica? Disputatio philologica, in qua de Grammatica Sinica obiter agiture; autore Abelo de Remusat".[2]
Rémusat's early publications established his reputation in the academic community, and on November 29, 1814, a chair in Chinese was created for him at the Collège de France.[5] This date, or, alternatively, the date of his inaugural lecture (January 16, 1815), has been termed "the birth-year of [academic] sinology."[6] Rémusat's course in Chinese at the Collège de France focused on lectures on grammar and the study of classical texts such as the Hallowed Documents (Shàngshū), the Laozi (Dao De Jing), the Nestorian Stele, and both Chinese and Manchu editions of the accounts of the life of Confucius.[7] His lecture notes were eventually edited into book form, modeled on Joseph de Prémare's earlier grammar, and published in 1822 as Élémens de la grammaire chinoise, ou Principes généraux du Kou-wen ou style antique, et du Kouan-hou, c'est-à-dire, de la language commune généralement usitée dans l'empire chinois (Elements of Chinese Grammar, or General Principles of Gǔwén or Ancient Style, and of Guānhuà, that is to say, the Common Language Generally Used in the Chinese Empire).[8] This work was the first scientific exposition of the Chinese language in Europe, and was later praised byHenri Maspero as "the first [work] in which the grammar was isolated to take account of the proper spirit of the Chinese language, and not just as a translation exercise where all the grammatical forms of the European languages [...] imposed their individual patterns."[9]
Rémusat became an editor of the Journal des savants in 1818, and founder and first secretary of the Société asiatique at Paris in 1822; he also held various Government appointments.[4]
In 1826, Rémusat published Iu-kiao-li, ou les deux cousines, roman chinois (Yu Jiao Li, titled in English as Iu-kiao-li: or, the Two Fair Cousins), one of the first Chinese novels known in Europe (the Chinese original is a minor work, though[citation needed]). It was read byThomas Carlyle, Ralph Waldo Emerson, Goethe and Stendhal. A list of his works is given in Quérard's France littéraire s.v. Rémusat. His letters to Wilhelm von Humboldt are also of interest.[4]
Around 1830 Rémusat was commissioned to inventory the Chinese items held in the French Royal Library, which inspired him to begin a translation of the bibliographical sections of the Wenxian tongkao to assist European scholars in studying Chinese scholarship.[10]He completed the first volume, "Classics", in 1832, but contracted cholera and died before it was printed.[10] Rémusat is buried along with his wife Jenny Lecamus – the daughter of Jean Lecamus, a former mayor of Paris – near the church of St. Fargeau in Saint-Fargeau-Ponthierry, Seine-et-Marne.

Selected works[edit]

  • Abel Rémusat (1822). Élémens de la grammaire chinoise, ou, Principes généraux du kou-wen ou style antique: et du kouan-hoa c'est-à-dire, de la langue commune généralement usitée dans l'Empire chinois. Imprimerie Royale. p. 214. Retrieved 2011-05-15.
  • Note sur quelques épithétes descriptives du Bouddha. Journ. des Sav., 1819, p. 625.
  • Description du royaume de Cambodge par un voyageur chinois qui a visité cette contrée à la fin du XIII siècle, précédée d'une notice chronologique sur ce même pays, extraite des annales de la Chine. imprimerie de J. Smith, 1819
  • Sur la succession des 33 premiers patriarches de la religion de Bouddha. Journ. des Sav., 1821, p. 4.
  • Abel-Rémusat et Humboldt, Lettres édifiantes et curieuses sur la langue chinoise, 1821–1831
  • Les élémens de la grammaire chinoise, 1822
  • Aperçu d'un Mémoire sur l'origine de la Hiérarchie Lamaique. Journ. As., Vol. IV., 1824, p. 257.
  • Mélanges Asiatiques, ou Choix de morceaux de critique, et de mémoires relatifs aux religions, aux. sciences, à l'histoire, et à la géographie des nations orientales. Vols. I. and II., Paris, 1825.
  • Iu-Kiao-Li (Les Deux Cousines), Paris, 1826.
  • Nouveaux Mélanges Asiatiques, ou Recueil de morceaux critiques et de mémoires relatifs aux religions, aux sciences, aux coutumes,à l'histoire et à la géographie des nations orientales; vol. I. et II, 1829.
  • Observations sur trois Mémoires de De Guignes insérés dans le tome XI. de la Collection de l'Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres, et relatifs à la religion samanéenne. Nouv. Journ. As., 2e série, Vol. VII. (1831), pp. 265, 269, 301.
  • Observations sur Histoire des Mongols orientaux, de Ssanang-Ssetsen. Paris, 1832.
  • Foé Koué Ki; ou, Relations des royaumes bouddhiques: voyage dans la Tartarie, dans l'Afghanistan et dans l'Inde, exécuté, à la fin du IVe siècle, par Chy Fa Hian. Traduit du Chinois et Commenté par M. Abel Rémusat. Ouvrage Posthume. Revu, Complété, et Augmenté d'Éclaircissements Nouveaux Par MM. Klaproth et Landresse. Paris, l'Imprimerie Royale, 1836. The original Chinese title is 佛國記.
  • Mémoires sur un voyage dans l'Asie Centrale, dans le pays des Afghans, et des Beloutches, et dans l'Inde, exécuté à la fin du IVe Síècele de notre ère par plusieurs Samanéens de Chine. Mém. de l'Inst. royal de France, Acad. d. inscr. 1838, p. 343.
  • Mélanges posthumes d'histoire et de littérature orientales. Paris, 1843.
Much of the bibliography above has been drawn from Emil Schlagintweit, Buddhism in Tibet, Appendix A, 1863.
In addition, Rémusat's practical and scholarly contributions in bringing the Dutch Japanologist Isaac Titsingh's unfinished manuscripts to posthumous publication deserve acknowledgment. These works include Nihon Ōdai Ichiran (日本王代一覧, "Table of the rulers of Japan"), and also:
  • Rémusat, A., éditeur. Mémoires et Anecdotes sur la Dynastie régnante des Djogouns, Souverains du Japon, avec la description des fêtes et cérémonies observées aux différentes époques de l'année à la Cour de ces Princes, et un appendice contenant des détails sur la poésie des Japonais, leur manière de diviser l'année, etc.; Ouvrage orné de Planches gravées et coloriées, tiré des Originaux Japonais par M. Isaac Titsingh; publié avec des Notes et Eclaircissemens Par M. Abel Rémusat. Paris (Nepveu), 1820.

See also[edit]

References[edit]

Footnotes


Jump up^ Pouillon, François. (2008). Dictionnaire des orientalistes de langue française, p. 810.
  1. ^ Jump up to:a b Honey (2001): 26.
  2. Jump up^ Kistner, Otto (1869). "Full title of Essai sur la langue et la littérature chinoises". Buddha and his doctrines: a bibliographical essay. London: Tübner & Co. p. 27.
  3. ^ Jump up to:a b c Chisholm 1911.
  4. Jump up^ Honey (2001): 26-7.
  5. Jump up^ Honey (2001): 27.
  6. Jump up^ Honey (2001): 27-8.
  7. Jump up^ Honey (2001): 28.
  8. Jump up^ Henri Maspero, "La Chaire de Langues et Littératures chi noises et tartares-mandchoues", cited in Honey (2001): 28.
  9. ^ Jump up to:a b Honey (2001): 29.
Works cited
  • Honey, David B. (2001). Incense at the Altar: Pioneering Sinologists and the Development of Classical Chinese Philology. American Oriental Series 86. New Haven, Connecticut: American Oriental Society.
Attribution
 Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Rémusat, Jean Pierre Abel". Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.

External links[edit]

  • "Jean-Pierre Abel-Rémusat (1788-1832)". Fil d'Ariane > Communes > St Fargeau-Ponthierry. Retrieved January 17, 2012.
Public Domain This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). Encyclopædia Britannica(11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.


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